PZ: peymān ī zanīh | Marriage Contract
Raham Asha
There is a model marriage contract extant in Pārsīg. (the copyist has added the date 647 A.Y. (/ 1278 A.D.) of copying to it)
This text is a good example of the entitled-marriage contract of the Sasanian times, and its terminology is completely in line with that of the Zand of the Avesta.
The Pārsīg Marriage Contract was contained in the Codex MK (copied in 1322). It was edited by Jamaspji Minocheherji Jamasp-Asana.
pārsīg
ped nām ī yazdān
(1) andar māh vahman ī sāl šaš-sad vīst-u-haft ī pas az sāl ī vīst ī ōy bay Yazdegird šāhān šāh šahriyārān, nab ī ōy bay Abarvēz Husrav šāhān šāh ī Ohrmazdān frāz nazdist rōz ī day-ped-mihr ka vāzag ī veh ped hanzaman madār būd hend ped pādixšāyīhā-zanīh grift ī mard-ē vahmān nām, vahmān ī vahmānān pus, vahmān rōstāg, vahmān deh māned, kenīzag-ē vahmān nām, vahmān ī vahmānān pādixšāyīhā-duxt, ham vahmān deh māned.
(2) u-š ēdōn mad ēsted ped sālārīh ī vahmān pid, cōn ka-š zanīh duxtagānīh ped rāh ī stūrīh ud ayōgēnīh ī kas pediš nē mad ēsted.
(3) ēdōn vahmān ī ped xvāst ud vindād ī az vahmān pid, hunsandīh ud hamdādestānīh ī ham vahmān, ham vahmān ped ahlavdād pādixšāyīhā-zanīh kird.
(4) ud ham vahmān ī vahmān pid, ham vahmān rāy ped ahlavdād pādixšāyīhā-zanīh ped si-gōbišnīh bē ō vahmān dād.
(5) ud ham vahmān aviš bē pedīrift.
ēdōn kū vahmān ēn-z pedīrift kū: zīndag dranā az zanīh ud ayōgēnīh ud framānburdārīh ud tarsagāhīh-varzīdārīh andar ham vahmān az ērīh ud vehdēnīh bē nē vardem.
(6) ud vahmān ēn-z guft kū: zīndag dranā ped zanīh grāmīg, ped kadagbānūgīh avestvār, ud ped xvarišn ud vastarg, nihuft ud peymuxt, ud šūyvarīh sālārīh tuvān-sāmān(ag)īhā ud āvām-pesazagīhā xūb ped āzarm dāram; ud frazend ī aziš zāyed ped pādixšāyīhā-frazendīh ī xvēš dāram.
(7) ud ka ēd xīr hamgōnag būd ham vahmān ham vahmān rāy ped vindišn pādixšāyīhā kird, ud pas az kird ī az peymān ham vahmān ī vahmān ham vahmān ī vahmān rāy veh sahist dōšīd si-hazār drahm ī asēmēn ī /šahrān-ravišn/; u-š ped guhrīg ī si-hazār drahm ī asēmēn ī /šahrān-ravišn/ veh-sahist mar az hāmōyēn xvāstag ī ō dārišn ud xvēšīh mad ēsted ī ped bē dādan pādixšāyīh būd.
«ud hān-z ī az nūn frāz ō dārišn ud xvēšīh rased ī ped bē dādan pādixšāyīh hum, ped do bahr ē bahr abaxt ō vahmān ī vahmān dād hum, ud ham vahmān ī vahmānān rāy abar ham māyag pādixšāy kird hum ēdōn kū harv ka vahmān ayāb kas az vahmān jādag rāy xvāstārīh kuned abēāhōgīhā (˟abēvahānagīhā) aviš abespārum, ud pediš spōz ud vistārīh nē kunum.»
(8) ud ham vahmān ī vahmān ēn māyag māyag ped guhrīg ī ēn si-hazār drahm bē-pāyandānīh pedīrift, ud pediš hamdādestān būd.
(9) ud ham vahmān ī vahmān pid jādaggōb aviš mad ēsted, ham vahmān ī vahmān pāyandānīh pedīrift ped freh nē pehikārd.
(10) ud ham vahmān ī vahmān ped cē ham dar abārīg cōn peymān ī zanīh būd kē xvēškārīh pursīd xvast ud vizust ud abar mad hum.
(11) ud ˟az hamdādestānīh ī vahmān ī vahmān [guft vahmān ī vahmān ud vahmān ī vahmān] ōn ēn dib az guft ud gōbišn ī hamdādestānīh ī ham vahmān ī vahmān ud vahmān ī ham vahmān rāy ham vahmān ī vahmān pid vahmān ī vahmān.
vābarīgānīh rāy ped gugāyīh ī ham:
vahmān ī vahmān, ud vahmān ī vahmān, ud vahmān ī vahmān.
frazaft.
English
In the name of the Yazata
(1) In the month Vahman of the year 627 after the year 20 of His (late) Majesty Yazdegird, king of kings, son of Šahriyār, grand-son of His (late) Majesty Abarvēz Husrō, king of kings, son of Ohrmazd, on the eve of the day Day-ped-Mihr, when the good people accompanying the wedding litters (or, the procession) have been coming into the assembly for the taking into pādixšā-wedlock (/in a cum manu marriage), by a man by the name of N1, son of N2 who is the son of N3, who inhabits the district T1, village T2, of a girl by the name of N4, the pādixšā-daughter (/from a cum manu marriage) of N5 son of N6, who inhabits the same village T2.
(2) And she thus has come into the guardianship of (N2) the father of N1, so that marriage or daughterhood has not come to her by way of the stūr-successorship or ayōgēn-successorship of someone else.
(3) Likewise, N1, by demanding and acquiring from (N5), the father of N4, with the pleasure and agreement of the said N4, took the said N4 into pādixšā-matrimony, for a just cause (/for pious purposes).
(4) And the said N5, father of N4, gave N4, for a just cause (/for pious purposes), in pādixšā-matrimony to N1, by a triple utterance (of the formula of declaration)
(5) And the said N1 accepted her (as a pādixšā-wife).
So N4 also accepted, (saying) this: “For my life’s span I shall not swerve from the marriage and (his) ayōgēn-successorship and from obedience and respectfulness towards the said N1, as well as from Aryan manner and practise of the good religion
(6) And N1 also said the following: “For my life’s span I shall hold her dear in marriage, shall establish her as mistress of the house, and shall keep her well and honoured with food, clothing, what she puts and wears, in my function as husband with (full) guardianship, to the extent of my affording (to do), as long as Time permits (me); and the children she bears I shall consider as my own pādixšā-children.”
(7) And since this matter was so accordingly, then the said N1 provided N4 with full right of disposal of the revenue. And after making this by agreement the said N1, son of N2, approved and sanctioned (formally) 3000 silver drachmae made in current money, but instead of the agreed 3000 silver drachmae made in current money that he approved he was authorized to give the (equivalent) amount from all the property that has come into his possession and ownership.
“And from now on of that also which shall come into my possession and ownership which I am entitled to give, I convey half (of it) in an undivided state to N4, daughter of N5; and I give the said N4, daughter of N5, the full right over the said stock, as whenever N4, or someone on N4’s part, claims it for her sake, I shall hand it to her (or, to that person) flawless (or, without excuse) and make no delay or negligence over it.”
(8) The said N4, daughter of N5, accepted this stock instead of these 3000 drachmae as a guaranty, and was in agreement with it.
(9) The said N5, father of N4, came as her intercessor and accepted the guaranty of N1, son of N2, and did not further dispute about it.
(10) “I, N7, son of N8, whose legal function concerns the said subjects and the other (relevant matters) about the contract of marriage, have enquired, studied, investigated and concluded (them).”
(11) After the consensus statement of N1, son of N2, (and N4, daughter of N5, and N5, father of N4), this document (was drawn up) at the statement of consensus and on the assertion of agreement of the said N1, son of N2, and on behalf of N4, daughter of N5, the said N5 father of N4, (by) N7 son of N8.
For validation (this document is sealed by the following persons) as witnesses:
the said N, son of N N, son of N and N, son of N
Finished.
Book: Marriage Contracts: Pārsīg (“Pahlavi”), Sogdian and Bactrian documents
